[MacPorts] #52575: Report Xcode version and other useful information in main.log

[MacPorts]

#52575: Report Xcode version and other useful information in main.log
--------------------------+--------------------------------
  Reporter:  mojca        |      Owner:  macports-tickets@…
      Type:  enhancement  |     Status:  new
  Priority:  Normal       |  Milestone:
 Component:  base         |    Version:  2.3.4
Resolution:               |   Keywords:
      Port:               |
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Comment (by ryandesign):

 I'd like the [ticket:56252 full macOS version] in the log, but it's not
 this code's fault that `macosx_version` doesn't provide that.

 Ideally I'd also like the macOS build number in the log. After Apple
 releases a new major version of macOS, they don't release further version
 numbers of the previous major version, but they do still release security
 updates for it, which change the build number. Should we add a new
 variable `macosx_build`?

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Ticket URL: <https://trac.macports.org/ticket/52575#comment:8>
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